在MySQL中，统计每秒、每分钟、每5分钟、每10分钟、每30分钟的交易量可以通过使用 GROUP BY 和 MySQL 的时间处理函数来实现。假设交易记录表名为 transactions，交易时间字段为 transaction_time，并统计每个时间段的交易量。

1. 每秒交易量

sql">SELECT 
    DATE_FORMAT(transaction_time, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s') AS time_sec, 
    COUNT(*) AS transaction_count
FROM transactions
GROUP BY time_sec
ORDER BY time_sec DESC;

• DATE_FORMAT(transaction_time, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s') 格式化时间到秒。
• COUNT(*) 统计每秒的交易记录数。

2. 每分钟交易量

sql">SELECT 
    DATE_FORMAT(transaction_time, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%i') AS time_min, 
    COUNT(*) AS transaction_count
FROM transactions
GROUP BY time_min
ORDER BY time_min DESC;

• DATE_FORMAT(transaction_time, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%i') 格式化时间到分钟。

3. 每5分钟交易量

sql">SELECT 
    CONCAT(DATE_FORMAT(transaction_time, '%Y-%m-%d %H:'), 
           LPAD(FLOOR(MINUTE(transaction_time) / 5) * 5, 2, '0')) AS time_5min, 
    COUNT(*) AS transaction_count
FROM transactions
GROUP BY time_5min
ORDER BY time_5min DESC;

• FLOOR(MINUTE(transaction_time) / 5) * 5 将时间划分为5分钟的间隔。
• LPAD 用于确保分钟数显示为两位数。

4. 每10分钟交易量

sql">SELECT 
    CONCAT(DATE_FORMAT(transaction_time, '%Y-%m-%d %H:'), 
           LPAD(FLOOR(MINUTE(transaction_time) / 10) * 10, 2, '0')) AS time_10min, 
    COUNT(*) AS transaction_count
FROM transactions
GROUP BY time_10min
ORDER BY time_10min DESC;

• FLOOR(MINUTE(transaction_time) / 10) * 10 将时间划分为10分钟的间隔。

5. 每30分钟交易量

sql">SELECT 
    CONCAT(DATE_FORMAT(transaction_time, '%Y-%m-%d %H:'), 
           LPAD(FLOOR(MINUTE(transaction_time) / 30) * 30, 2, '0')) AS time_30min, 
    COUNT(*) AS transaction_count
FROM transactions
GROUP BY time_30min
ORDER BY time_30min DESC;

• FLOOR(MINUTE(transaction_time) / 30) * 30 将时间划分为30分钟的间隔。

结合 WHERE 过滤时间范围

可以在查询中通过 WHERE 条件来限制统计的时间范围。例如，统计最近一天的每分钟交易量：

sql">SELECT 
    DATE_FORMAT(transaction_time, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%i') AS time_min, 
    COUNT(*) AS transaction_count
FROM transactions
WHERE transaction_time >= NOW() - INTERVAL 1 DAY
GROUP BY time_min
ORDER BY time_min DESC;

这些查询分别统计了每秒、每分钟、每5分钟、每10分钟和每30分钟的交易量。如果需要扩展到其他时间段，只需调整 FLOOR(MINUTE(transaction_time)) 中的时间间隔即可。